Printing mechanism



Oct. 27, 1936. J A, FRlED PRINTING MECHANISM Filed 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet lf MM Ji /win? Oct. 27, 1936.

J. FRIED PRINTING MECHANISM 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug 15, 1954 Jim/2m?fiz/ rfiwaww Oct. 27, 1936.

J. A. FRIED PRINTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 15, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct.27, 1936.

J. A. FRIED PRINTING MECHANISM 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 13, 1934 Oct.27, 1 936. J. A. FRIED PRINTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 13, 1934 7Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct. 27, 1936. J. A. FRIED PRINTING MECHANISM Filed Aug.15, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 ma /m Oct. 27, 1936. J. A. FRIED PRINTINGMECHANISM Filed Aug. 13, l934 7 Sheets-$heet 7 Patented Oct. 27, 1936PATENT OFFICE PRINTING MECHANISM Jerome A. Fried, Ithaca, N. Y.,assignor to Allen Wales Adding Machine Corporation, Ithaca,

Application August 13, 1934, Serial No. 739,595

17 Claims. (o1.'19'z-'-15s)= This invention relates to printingmechanism of the type commonlyimployed in typewriting and calculatingmachines, in which a plurality of type are selectively operated againsta platen, either singly or in groups. It is frequently desirable to makeduplicate ribbon copies of whatever printing is done on such a machine,and such duplicate copies may be easily made in accordance with thisinvention.

An object of the invention is to provide im proved printing mechanism ofthe typewriter and calculating machine type, with which duplicate ribboncopies of all printing may be easily made in a simple manner, and whichwill be relatively simple, practical, convenient and inexpensive.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means formounting a ribbon, and guiding it along a platen through printingposition thereon which may be easily shifted into and out of printingposition, and with which the direction of travel of the ribbon may bereversed automatically in a simple and dependable manner.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved printingmechanism of the type-utilizing an inked ribbon, with which smudging ofthe paper being printed upon by the ribbon will be reduced, with which aplurality of ribbons may be used for making a plurality of ribbon copiesof whatever is printed, and with which an extra ribbon may be shiftedinto and out of printing positionsas occasion requires.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means formounting, guiding and feeding a ribbon through printing position withrespect to a platen.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan of the carriage and of an adding and subtractingmachine constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a portion of the carriage of the same,illustrating the manner in which the duplicating ribbon is guided alongthe platen through printing position;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the improved machine shown in Fig. 1; j V

Fig. 4 is an end elevation, similar to Fig. 3, of a part of themechanism on the carriage, with some of the parts broken oil to showparts otherwise concealed;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 4, butillustrating the parts in different operative positions;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary, sectional elevation of the section being takenapproximately along the line 6-45 of Fig. 17 and illustrating some ofthe. details of construction of the universal bar;

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of'the carriage and parts carried thereby;

Fig. 8 is a perspective of a portion of one end of the carriage, andillustrating the guides for the ribbon, the support of the flexiblestrip for preventing back printing, and of the wires for reducingsmudging;

Fig. 9 is a transverse, sectional elevation taken through the mechanismof Fig. 8, the section being taken approximately along the line 9-41 ofFig. 8 to illustrate a mounting for the support of the strip thatprevents back printing;

Fig. 10 is a. sectional elevation of a part of the carriage anduniversal bar at one end of the carriage, the section being takenapproximately along the line of l0l0 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is a transverse sectional elevation through the machine atapproximatelytheprinting position;'

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional elevation, on an enlarged scale, ofthe platen at the printing zone and illustrating the arrangement ofribbons and paper;

Fig. 13 is a sectional plan of'the same, the section being takenapproximately along the line l3--l3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation through a part of the carriage, thesection being taken approximately along the line l4l4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 15 is an end elevation of the rear part of the left hand end of themachine of Fig. 1, with the parts in their normal, inactive positions;

Fig. 16 is a similar view of the opposite end of the machine, withdifferent operative positions of certain or the parts. shown by dottedlines;

Fig. 17 is an end elevation of the carriage somewhat similar toFig. 15,but with certain of the parts removed to show parts otherwise concealedthereby, and showing the positions of certain of the parts when theribbon is feeding in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig. 15;

Fig. 18 is a view similar to Fig. 17 but with 45 the parts in thepositions occupied at an intermediate point in the operating cycle, suchas when the operating handle has been pulled forwardly for the runningin of a number;

Fig. 19 is an elevation of parts shown in Figs. 50 17 and 18, withcertain parts removed in order to illustrate parts otherwise largelyconcealed thereby;

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 15 but with certain of the partsremoved to show other parts, 55

and with the parts in the operative positions assumed at an intermediatepoint in a printing operation, such as when the operating handle is atthe end of its forward stroke or movement;

Fig. 21 is an elevation illustrating latching details of the ribbonreverse mechanism;

Fig. 22 is an end elevation of certain of the parts of Fig. 16, andillustrating an intermediate step in the reversal of the direction oftravel of the ribbon; and

Fig. 23 is an elevation of some of the parts shown in Fig. 20, justbefore they assume the positions shown in Fig. 20, which is a stepbetween the positions shown in Figs. 21 and 20.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the machine to which theduplicating device is attached is shown as an adding and subtractingmachine, and for a more complete disclosure of that type of machinereference may be had to United States Patents Nos. 1,386,021 and1,386,022 issued August 2, 1921, and No. 1,571,567 issued February 2,1926. It will be understood, however, that the invention is not limitedto adding and subtracting machines of this type, but is applicable alsoto typewriters and other calculating machines, or machines printing bymeans of inked ribbons. The calculating and printing mechanism islargely enclosed in a cabinet I0, having therein a main frame whichincludes a carriage runway or supporting bar Figs. 3, 15 and 16. Themechanism in the casing I0 operates a plurality of type bars l2, Figs. 1and 11, arranged in a row along the rear of the housing l0, andselectively set for operation from the usual keyboard, not shown.

The type bars I2, during a printing operation, are selectively shiftedendwise, or vertically, into printing positions, and the type bars thenare struck or moved rearwardly against a platen I3, Fig. 11. A regularribbon I4, Figs. 1, 11 and 12, is mounted by the housing I0 so as toextend between suitable spools I5, by which the ribbon is fed in onedirection or the other, and the stretch between the spools, is suitablyguided along the platen between it and the type bars l2, as usual inadding machines and as disclosed in the patents hereinabove cited. Theplaten I3 is mounted in a carriage frame i6, for rotation about itslongitudinal axis for line spacing purposes, and this rotation may beimparted to the platen either by the usual knob or handle I! (Figs. 1,3, and 7) provided on one end of the spindle of the platen, or by a pawlI8, Figs. 17 to 20, which engages with and drives a ratchet wheel I9fixed on the spindle of the platen I3 at one end thereof.

The pawl I8 is operated, to drive the ratchet wheel I9, from theprinting mechanism, and for this purpose the pawl I8 is pivotallymounted on a pin or stud 20 (Figs. 15, 1'7, 18 and 19) which moves witha universal bar or rocking frame 2| that is pivoted at 22 to thecarriage frame I6. The universal bar or member 2| (Figs. 3, "7, 15 and16) extends for approximately the full length of the carriage, and has adepending tail 23 which is substantially co-extensive in length with thelength of the universal bar. This tail is engaged and operated atintervals by a roller 24, provided on a lever 25 that is pivoted at 26(Fig. 3) to a bracket arm 21 extending rearwardly from the main frame.The lever 25 is provided with an arm 28 which extends into the housingI0, Fig. 3, and it is there connected to the printing mechanism and tothe main operating handle 29 in a manner common in adding machines.

It is, of course, understood that in this type of adding machine, aftera number has been set up on the usual keyboard, not shown, the handle 29is pulled forwardly to a predetermined position and then released orreturned to the normal position shown in Fig. 3. During the operation ofthe handle 29 in a forward direction, the lever 25 is rocked toward thehousing I0, which releases the universal bar 2|. A spring 30 (Fig. 10),which acts between a pin 3| on the carriage frame I6 and a rod 32 on theuniversal bar 2|, rocks the bar 2| in a direction to carry its tail 23toward the housing I0 so as to follow the lever 25. The tail 23 of theuniversal bar, at its lower end, carries a rod or bar 33 which extendsfrom end to end of the bar 2| and engages with the roller 24 in thedifferent positions of adjustment of the carriage across the rear of thehousing I0.

The carriage frame I6 is provided with a supporting part 34 (Fig. 11)which is detachably connected to the runway or track II of the mainframe at the rear of the housing In, and slides along the same from sideto side of the housing In. A carriage release lever 35, Figs. 3 and 7,is mounted on a shaft 36, which extends lengthwise of the carriage andat an intermediate point carries a depending arm 31 (Figs. 4 and 11).The arm 31 is provided with a locking pin 38 that engages in any one ofa series of notches 39 (Fig. 11) arranged at intervals along the rear ofthe runway or guide ll of the main frame. Thus, the carriage may belocked in different adjusted positions across the rear of the housingI0, and the carriage release lever 35 is, of course, yieldingly urged bya spring 36a, (Fig. 4) acting on an arm 36b provided on the shaft 36, ina direction to insert the pin 38 into any one of the notches 39 withwhich it may be alined.

When the handle 29 is returned to the normal position shown in Fig. 3,the lever 25 will be rocked rearwardly, and will forcibly rock theuniversal bar 2| in a direction to feed the pawl l8 forwardly and causeit to turn the ratchet wheel I9 a desired extent. This extent may bevaried by a line spacing lever 40, Figs. 15, 17 and 18, which is pivotedat 4| to the carriage frame and has a laterally extending lug 42. Thelug 42 is engageable with any of the steps 43 provided on an arm 44which is pivoted on the rod or bearing stud 22 of the universal bar.

The arm 44 carries a pin 45 which abuts against the edge of one of themembers of the universal bar 2|, being urged thereagainst by a spring 46acting between the pin 45 and a stud 41 provided on one of the arms 48carried rigidly by the universal bar 2|, at the ends thereof. The spring46 thus yieldingly holds the arm 44 against the universal bar for normalmovement therewith, but when the arm 44 is stopped by the engagement ofa step 43 thereof with the lug 42, the spring 46 will yield and permitcontinued movement of the universal bar for a full increment ofoscillation.

The pawl I8 is urged towards the ratchet wheel I9 by a spring 49 (Fig.19) which connects a tail of the pawl I8 with the stud 41 (Figs. 17 and18) on the arm 48, but this movement of the pawl I8 by spring 49 islimited by its engagement with a pin 50 (Fig. 19) provided on the arm44; As soon as the universal bar begins its movement while the handle 29is moving forwardly, the pin 50 will be moved upwardly and rearwardly asthe arm 44 follows the universal bar, which swings the pawl l8 intoengagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel l9, and during continuedmovement of the universal bar the pawl l8 will trail over the teeth ofthe ratchet wheel until the arm 44 is stopped by the engagement of oneof its steps 43 with the lug 42 on the line spacing lever 48.

During continued further movement of the universal bar, the arm 44 isheld against further movement, which stretches the spring 46. When thehandle 29 is releasedor started on its return movement to the rear (Fig.3), the universal bar will start its reverse movement. During thisreverse movement the universal bar will again pick up the pin 45 andforce the arm 44 back into its normal position shown in Fig. 17, but indoing so the pawl l8 will drive the ratchet wheel in the direction ofthe arrow (Fig. 17) until the pin 50 re-engages the pawl l8 and forcesthe latter out of engagement with the ratchet wheel.

The greater the extent of movement of the arm 44 until it is stopped bythe lug 42, the greater will be the travel given the ratchet wheel I9.and through it the platen, before the pawl I8 is disengaged from theratchet wheel during the return movement of the universal bar.

The ratchet wheel is held against overunning and-reverse movements by aclick pawl 5| (Figs. 17 and 18) which is pivoted at 52 to the carriageframe and urged by a spring 53 in a direction to carry a click pin 54into engagement with the ratchet teeth. The pin 54 is round orcylindrical so that when it enters between two teeth of the ratchetwheel it will center or position the ratchet wheel or platen, and yetmay be cammed outwardly when the ratchet wheel is propelled by pawl l8,or when the platen is turned in either direction by manual manipulationof knob |1 (Figs. 1 and 7).

A rod 55 (Figs. 7, and 14 to 18) is rotatably mounted in, and extendsbeyond, the ends of the carriage frame l6. Ribbon spools 56 arerotatably mounted on the ends of the rod 55, the spools being confinedrotatably on the ends of the rod 55 by split rings or keys 51 (Figs. 3and 15), each of which is sprung into a peripheral groove of the rod 55.Each spool 56 has {a hub 58 (Fig. 1) extending therefrom toward theother spool, and a ratchet wheel 59 is fixed on the end of each hub. Theteeth on one ratchet wheel 59 are inclined in one direction, and on theother wheel are inclined in the opposite direction. Each hub 58 isprovided with a peripheral groove 60, Fig. 14, which receives relatedbrake arms 6| extending from a pin 62, towhich they are anchored, andstraddling the hub 58. The free ends of each pair of arms 6| areconnected by a spring 63, which yieldingly urges the brake arms 6| intoengagement with opposite sides of the hub 58, so as to frictionallyretard the rotation of that spool and its ratchet wheel.

The pins 62 (Figs. 4 and 14) are mounted on arms 64, (Figs. 1, 4 and 14)provided at opposite ends of the carriage and fixed on the rod 55 onwhich the spools are rotatably mounted. The arms 64 extend forwardly ofthe carriage and at their forward ends have upstanding lugs 65 (Figs. 1,3 and 4) which are connected by a rod 66, rigidly fixed thereto andforming therewith a bail that is hinged to the carriage at the rearthereof, and extends across the forward part of the carriage. Theforward part of this bail swings, from a position above the carriage andplaten, forwardly and downwardly into a position along the platen.

opposite end of the carriage.

The forward ends of the arms 64 are flanged laterally and in a directionaway from one another, to provide ribbon guides 61 (Figs. 1, 2, 4

and 8). Each of these ribbon guides or flanges 61 is provided in itsupper edge with a guide notch 68, and its lower free corner is bevelledor cut off at approximately 45, as shown in Figs. 2 and 8. Each bevellededge is provided with a notch 69, which also serves as a guide for theribbon. Each flange or guide 61 also depends somewhat below its line ofattachment to the end of an arm 64, and the vertical edge of thisdepending portion is provided with a notch 10, Figs. 2 and 8, which isalined horizontally with the notch 69.

The duplicating ribbon 1| is attached at its ends to the spools 56, andfrom each spool the intermediate portion of the ribbon 1| extendsforwardly along the arms 64, passes over the upper edge of the guide 61in the notch 68 thereof, thence downwardly over the forward face of theguide or flange 61, thence through the notch 69 and around the bevellededge of the guide or flange, thence along the rear face of the flange orguide 61 and through the notch 10 towards the The portion of the ribbon1| extending between the flanges or guides 61, passes along the front ofthe platen when the arms 64 are lowered into the operative positionshown in Figs. 1, 3, 11 and 12, and this duplicating ribbon, as it movesalong the platen, will move past the printing zone determined by thetype bars l2. When the ribbon bail, formed of the arms 64 and the rod,is swung upwardly, the forward stretch of the ribbon 1| which extendsalong the platen will be shifted upwardly away from the platen and outof the printing zone, this position of the bail being shown in Fig. 4.

The side walls of each notch 18 (Fig. 2) are provided with tongues 12,(Figs. 2, 4 and 8) which extend toward one another. A pair of wires 13are anchored at one end to a pin 14 which is pro vided on one of thearms 64, and from that pin the wires 13 extend forwardly and are hookedaround the adjacent tongues 12, and then towards the opposite end of thecarriage in parallel relation to one another, as shown in Figs. 2 and 8,and then around the tongues 12 at the opposite end of the carriage (Fig.15) the free ends of the wires 13 being there connected by springs 15 toa lug or arm 15' on the adjacent bail arm 64. The two wires 13 thusextend between the two ribbon guides 61, along opposite marginal edgesof the ribbon 1|, and are kept taut by the springs 15. The wires 13,however, move vertically with the bail and the duplicating ribbon as theribbon is shifted with the bail into and out of the printing zone orposition.

In order to hold this bail yieldingly in and out of printing position, adetent 16 (Figs. 4 and 5) is pivoted by a pin 11 to one of the arms 64,so as to depend therefrom. This detent 16 is provided with a pluralityof V-shaped notches'18 along one edge thereof, which engage over adetent pin 19 that is provided on one of the plates of the carriageframe l6. A spring is anchored, intermediate of its ends, by a loopwhich fits over a pin 8| on the adjacent arm 64, one end of the spring80 extending downwardly and being hooked at its free end over the edgeof detent 16 which is opposite from the notches 18.

The opposite end of the spring 88 is hooked, while under tension, underthe lower edge of the adjacent arm 64. and thus the spring 88 yieldinglyand resiliently urges the detent 16 against the pin 19 and forms a propfor holding the ribbon bail formed of the arms 64 and rod 66 indifferent positions, depending upon which one of the notches 18 engageswith the pin 19. When the ribbon ball is swung upwardly into aninoperative or non-printing position, the bottom notch of detent 16 willengage with the pin 19, as shown in Fig. 4, and when the ball is loweredinto printing position, the notch 18 at the other end of the detent willengage with the pin 19, as shown in Fig. 5.

When the middle notch 18 is engaged with the pin 19, the bail will be inan intermediate position, not shown, in which the ribbon 1 I is out of,but just above, printing position. Because of the V-shape of the notches18, the ribbon bail may be swung upwardly and downwardly by applyingsuflicient force thereto, during which the pin 19 will cam the detent 16sidewise as the pin engages in the notches successively. This provides ayielding lock or latch for holding the bail and duplicating ribbon indifferent positions, one of which is the printing position.

A control member in the form of a plate 82, Figs. 15 to 20, is providedat each end of the carriage and hinged upon a stud 83 provided on theadjacent end of the universal bar 2|. The members 82 extend rearwardlyof the carriage from the studs 83 and are provided with struck out lugs84. The lugs 84 on the two members 82 extend toward one another, and arereceived in slots 85 provided in depending hinged latch arms 86 whichare pivoted at 81 to arms 48 extending rigidly and rearwardly from theends of the universal bar 2|.

At each end of the carriage, a spring 89 is connected at one end to theadjacent latch arm 86, and at its other end is anchored to a pin 98 on apawl 9| which engages with and drives the ratchet wheel'59 on theadjacent ribbon spool. Each pawl 9| is pivoted at 92 to the adjacentcontrol member 82 and thus, as each control member 82 is oscillated, thepawl 9| will be oscillated with it. Each spring 89 performs the doublefunction of urging its related pawl 9| towards the teeth of a ratchetwheel 59, and of urging the latch lever 88 in a direction to engage itsnotch 93 in a side wall of the slot 85 with the lug 84 on the adjacentmember 82, as shown particularly in Fig. 21.

The control members 82 at opposite ends of the carriage are connected bya rod 94 (Figs. 7, 15 to 18, 20, 22 and 23), this rod 94 passing throughand rocking in a cross frame member 95 (Fig. 7) provided on theuniversal bar, so that the rod 94 will rock back and forth with theuniversal bar, but also will be tiltable in its rocking bearing orfulcrum in the cross member 95, one of such tilting positions beingshown by full lines in Fig. 7, and the other position being shown by thedash lines in the same figure. Thus, when either control member 82 isrocked upon its stud 83 at one end of the carriage, it will transmit,through the rod 94 a rocking movement to the other member 82 in theopposite direction.

When either control member 82 is latched in its lowermost position ofmovement on its stud 83, as shown in Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 21, the pawl9| carried thereby will be shifted downwardly with respect to theuniversal bar, until a tail 96 thereof, (Figs. 15 to 18, 20 and 21)engages at its end against the adiacent stud 81 which pivots theadjacent latch arm 86 to the universal bar 2|. That stud 81 limits themovement of the pawl 9| toward the adjacent ratchet wheel 59, so thatduring the rocking of the universal bar, that pawl 9| will be held outof engagement with the adjacent ratchet wheel 59. The normal position ofthe pawl 9| is shown in Fig. 17 under such conditions, and the samepawl, still under the same conditions, is shown in Fig. 18 in theposition it occupies at the end of a partial cycle, such as after themain operating handle has been pulled forwardly to the maximum extent,and at which time that pawl 9| should come the nearest to engaging theratchet wheel 59 during the movement of the universal bar. It will beobserved that under those conditions that pawl 9| will be held out ofengagement with its related ratchet wheel 59 in the movements of theuniversal bar, and consequently no operation of the adjacent spool 56will take place.

While one control member 82 is thus latched in its depressed orlowermost position, as shown in Figs. 1'7 and 18, for example, the othercontrol member 82 is held in its upper and elevated position on theuniversal bar, in which its lug 84 is out of latched relation with thenotch 93 of the slot 85 of the adjacent latch arm 86. When eithercontrol member 82 is moved to its elevated position, it shifts thepivoted end of its pawl 9| upwardly and nearer to the adjacent stud 81,so that the tall 96 of that pawl will no longer engage with that stud 81and prevent engagement of that pawl with its related ratchet wheel, andconsequently that pawl 9| will operate a ribbon spool 56 at that end ofthe machine.

The mechanism for causing a reversal in this direction of feed of theribbon will next be described. For this purpose the ribbon leaving eachspool 56, in passing forwardly to the guides 61 will pass through a slot91 (Figs. 15 and 16) of a fork or flange 98 which is provided at eachend of the carriage upon the end of an arm 99. that is pivoted at I88 onthe free end of a latch lever I8I. Each lever |8I is pivoted on one ofthe studs or bearings 22 at the axis of oscillation of the universalbar. A spring I82 is connected at one end to each arm 98 through whichthe ribbon extends, and at its other end is suitably anchored to theribbon bail, (Figs. 4 and 15) such as to the lugs 15 provided on thearms 64. The springs I82 urge the arms 99 endwise or toward the adjacentspools 56.

Latch release levers I83, which may be bell crank levers, are pivotallyhung, one at each end of the carriage, on the ends of the rod 55 whichextends lengthwise of the carriage and serves as a part of the ribbonbail. Each lever I83, Figs. 15 to 18, and 20 to 23, has a forwardly andupwardly extending arm I84, carrying a laterally turned lug I85 whichengages against a shoulder I86 provided on the latch lever I8I. Eachlever I83 is yieldingly and resiliently urged in a direction to elevateits lug I85, by a spring I81 which is connected to the depending arm ofthe lever I83 and to any suitable part of the frame of the carriage,such as to the pivot pin or stud 4| of the lever 48 at one end of themachine, and to the stud or pin 19 (Figs. 4 and at the other end of themachine. Each spring I81 thus urges its lever I83 in a direction tocarry its lug I85 upwardly and against the shoulder I86 of the adjacentlatch lever I 8|, so that if either latch lever |8| is rocked forwardly,such as by an endwise pull on an arm 99, the released lever I83 will berocked in a direction to raise its lug I85.

The endwise pull or force on the arm 99, which is necessary to move thelatch lever I8| and release the adjacent lever I03, is obtained byproviding a suitable protuberance or button I08, Fig. 22, on the ribbonnear each end thereof. Each button I08 is too large to pass through theslot 91 in the fork or flange 98 of the arm or member 99, andconsequently carries the arm 99 with it and the ribbon. In Fig. 22 oneof the latch levers IOI is shown by full lines in the position itoccupies after it has been pulled forwardly by the button I08 on theribbon, to release the adjacent lug I05 on the lever I03. When eitherlever I03 is released in this manner, its spring II rocks the dependingarm of that lever forwardly and carries a pin I09 thereof against anedge of the adjacent latch arm 86, rocking the latter forwardly todisengage the notch 93 thereof from the lug 84 on the adjacent controlmember 82, and place a. lug or nose IIO thereof beneath that lug 84.Such a position of parts is shown in Fig. 22.

the lug I I0 which has just been engaged beneath a lug 04, prevents thedownward movement of this lug 84 and its control member 82 with the;universal bar, and hence the lug 84 and its con-' trol member 82 willreally be raised with respect to their position on the universal bar 2I.This relative upward movement of that control member 82 tilts the rod 84about its fulcrum and rocks the other control member 82 at the other endof the carriage downwardly on the universal bar, notwithstanding thelatter's movement with the universal bar. This carries the lug 84 onthat other member 82 downwardly in the slot 85 of its related latch arm86, and when it reaches the notch 93 in that arm 86, the spring 89connected to that arm 86 will rock that arm into latching position withthat lug 84, as shown in Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 21, thereby latching thatother control member 02 in its relatively lowered position to theuniversal bar 2I. This holds the control member 8|, which has just beenelevated on such universal bar, in its elevated position as shown inFig. 15.

During such movement of the universal bar which has produced this chainof operations just described, the stud 81 (Fig. 23) on the universal'bar at that end of the carriage where the latch I03 was released,engages a tail III on the depending arm of the adjacent lever I03 andcams that lever I03 in a direction to lower its lug I05 and re-engage itbeneath the shoulder I06 on its latch lever IOI, as shown in Fig. 20.When the relatively elevated control member 82 is now rocked with theuniversal bar 2I, its pawl 9| will engage and trail over the spoolratchet wheel 59 at that end of the carriage during the forward movementof the main operating handle 29, and then as the handle moves rearwardlyor is restored to its normal position, the universal bar 2| in returningto its normal position will act through that pawl 9| to propel thatratchet wheel 59 and its spool 56 to feed the ribbon II in the oppositedirection from that in which it was previously being fed.

This winds the ribbon 'II upon the spool 56 at the end of the carriageshown in Fig. 20, and this feeding operation, step by step, for theribbon II at each operation of the universal bar 2I, will continue untilthe ribbon is nearly unwound from the spool at the opposite end of thecarriage which is shown in Fig. 16, at which time whereupon the controlmembers 82 are released and rocked in the manner just described toreverse the direction of feed of the ribbon.

The paper to be printed upon may be fed to the platen in the manner andby mechanism common in typewriters and adding machines, and in movingtoward the platen the paper travels along the table II2, Figs. 1 and 11.When the paper from rolls is employed, the rolls H3 and H4 are suitablymounted in brackets I I5 and I I6 (Fig. 11) extending rearwardly fromthe carriage frame. A brake III is hinged upon a pin H8, and urged by aspring H9 in a direction to engage the periphery of the roll I I3 forthe purpose of exerting a slight drag or brake thereon, and thus keepingthe paper taut. Similarly, a brake I20 is pivoted at I2I and is urged bya spring I22 into contact with the roll II4 to exert a slight brake ordrag :thereon.

When only one copy of the printing is desired, At the next operation ofthe universal bar 2I,

the paper strip I23 from the upper roll H3 is guided over the papertable I I2 and to and around the platen, but, when two copies aredesired, the paper strip I24 from the roll H4 is brought up and over theupper roll H3, and the paper strips from the two rolls are conductedtogether over the paper table I I2 and to and around the platen I3. Whenduplicate copies are desired the superposed sheets or strips I23 and I24are separated as they come up above printingmosition, and the wires I3,duplicating ribbonJ'l and wires 13 are swung downwardly with their bailand knifed or inserted between the sheets into printing position, asshown in Figs. 11 and 12.

' With this arrangement, the paper strip I23 will be disposed betweenthe two ribbons, and consequently when the type bars I2 are impacted orpressed against the platen for printing purposes, an original printingwill be made upon both strips of paper, but there will be back printingfrom the.

under or duplicating ribbon II upon the rear face of the outer strip I23. If this back printing is objectionable, it may be overcome bydisposing a thin, flexible strip or sheet I25, Figs. 2, 8, 12 and 13,along the strip of ribbon II on the bail between the guides 61, so thatthe strip I25 will run parallel to and in front of the ribbon I I, andbetween the ribbon II and the strip I23. The strip I25 may be of anysuitable, thin, flexible sheet material, and I have found thatCellophane or transparent sheets of viscose or cellulose material may beused for this purpose with great success.

The strip I25 extends for approximately the length of the carriage, andat its ends is looped around and anchored to arms I26 which are hookedover the bar 66 of the ribbon bail. To limit displacement of the armsI26 endwise of the carriage, the bar 66 may have one or more slots orflat portions I2I milled therein adjacent each end, as shownparticularly in Figs. 8 and 9 and the upper end of each arm I26 is bentback upon itself in an approximately U-shape, and the inverted U-endsprung slightly and frictionally clamped over the bar 66 at the milledslots or fiat portions I2I. Suitable shims may be disposed between thearms I26 and the ends of the slots I21 and straddling the bar 66 inorder to provide a limited adjustment for the arm I26 toward and fromone another and stretch the strip I25 taut. Obviously, any other meansfor mounting the strip I25 may be employed if desired.

In the operation of a calculating machine, such a has been hereindescribed and illustrated, the

parts are assembled in the manner shown in the drawings, and the paperis fed to and around the platen. When only one copy of the printing isdesired, the ribbon bail is swung upwardly, such as Into the positionshown in Fig. 4, which places the duplicating ribbon II, the Cellophane"strip I25 and the wire 13 in an upper or nonprinting position where theydo not interfere with the normal use of the machine for printing uponone strip of paper. Of course, the single strip of paper may be insertedunder the duplicating ribbon and the single copy made directly on thatstrip from the ribbon II.

This ribbon bail may also be disposed in an intermediate position, onlypartially elevated, such as is provided when the pin I9 (Fig. 4) isengaged in the middle notch I8, and in that case the duplicating ribbonis still out of printing position but disposed just above it, so that itmay be quickly and easily lowered into printing position. Thisintermediate position is also used when the two strips of paper are fedaround the platen and separated so as to pass on opposite sides of theduplicating ribbon 'II and the "Cellophane" strip I25.

After the strips of paper I28 and I28 have been so passed around theplaten, and the duplicating ribbon and strip I25 have been knifedbetween these strips of paper, the free ends of the strips of paper maythen be brought together and guided under the usual tear off strip ofbar I28, Fig. 1. With the duplicating mechanism arranged in this mannerto print duplicate ribbon copies, the usual keyboard, not shown, ismanipulated to set up a number, and then the handle 28, Fig. 3, ispulled forwardly as far as it will go, and released or returned to thenormal position shown in Fig. 3. During such operation of the handle 29,the type bars I2 are first selectively elevated, so as to present thedifferent types thereon in printing position in front of the ribbon I8,and then the type bars are forced as a group against the platen orribbon I8 to print in a manner common in calculating machines of thistype.

The ribbon I8 prints directly upon the paper strip I23, and the pressuretransmitted therethrough upon the Cellophane" strip I25 and theduplicating ribbon II, prints a duplicate record on the paper strip I28.During repeated operations of the printing mechanism, the usual ribbonI8 will be fed intermittently in a manner common to machines of thistype, and the duplicating ribbon 'II will also be fed lengthwise alongthe platen in one direction or the other, depending upon which of thecontrol members 82 is in its relatively elevated position. At eachoperation of the printing mechanism, the universal bar 2| is rocked oroscillated, during which the line spacing pawl I8 engages and operatesthe ratchet wheel I9 through one or more lines determined by theposition of the lever 88 (Fig. 20)

Let it be assumed, for example, that at this time, the control member 82at the left hand end of the machine is in its unlatched position, suchas shown in Figs. 15 and 20. In this unlatched position, this controlmember 82 is elevated with respect to the universal bar 2|, and throughthe connection of the tilting bar 88, the control member 82 at the righthand end of the machine is in its latched or lowered position, as shownin Fig. 16. With this setting of the control members 82, the pawl 8|, atthe left hand end of the machine and which is attached to the elevatedcontrol member 82, wil be in a position to engage and versal bar, willrock said her in a direction to lower the left hand member 82 from theposition shown in Fig. 15 to the position shown in Fig. 20. This carriesthe pawl 8| at the left hand end of the carriage into driving relationto the related ratchet wheel 88. When the main handle 28 is returned toits normal position shown in Fig. 3, the member 28 (Figs. 3 and 15) ismoved rearwardly and forces the universal bar 2| back into its normalposition shown in Fig. 15, and as it does so the pawl 8| at the lefthand end of the carriage, imparts to the ratchet wheel 88, with which ithas been engaged, a short increment of rotation before it reaches theposition shown in Fig. 15. This feeds the duplicating ribbon II fromright to left on the carriage, and this movement of the ribbon II isrepeated at each operation of the universal bar.

When the duplicating ribbon II has been nearly unwound from the spool 88at the right hand end of the carriage, a button I88 thereon, Fig. 22,will engage the forked end of arm 88, Fig. 16, and being unable to passthrough the slot 81 therein, will pull the arm 88 forwardly or endwise,which rocks the latch lever I8| forwardly to release the lug I88 of theadjacent lever I88. The latter is then moved by its spring in adirection to carry its pin I88 against the adjacent latch lever 86,forcing the latter forwardly so as to disengage the lug 88 of the righthand control member 82, and permit it to rise. When the lug I88 isreleased, the following movement of the lever I88 elevates the lug Iinto the position shown in Fig. 22, which holds the latch lever III inthat position.

When the depending end of the lever I88 moves forwardly and disengagesthe lug 88 of the control member 82 at the right hand end of thecarriage, the lug N8 of the lever I88 concomitantly engages beneath thelug 88, as shown in Fig. 22, so that at the next operation of theprinting mechanism, the control member 82 at the right hand end of thecarriage is held against downward movement with the universal bar. Themovement of the latch lever 88 at that end of the carriage downwardlywith the universal bar results in a relative movement of the lug 88 ofthe right hand member 82 into the upper end of the slot or aperture 85at that end of the carriage, and the holding of the lug 88 at that endof the carriage causes a tilting of the connecting bar or rod 88 (Fig.7) in a manner to lower control member 82 at the left hand end of thecarriage from the relative position shown in Fig. 16 at the upper partof the slot 85, to the relative position shown in Figs. 17 and 18.

When the lug 88 at the left hand end of the carriage is forcibly moveddownwardly, until it comes opposite the notch 88 in slot 88, the spring88, which is connected to the latch lever 88 at the left end of thecarriage. will shift that latch lever 88 in a direction to latch thatlug 88 in its relatively lowered position. The relative lowering of theleft hand control member 82 with respect to the stud 91 on the universalbar, causes the engagement of the tall 99 of pawl 9| on that controlmember with the adjacent stud 91, and this shifts the pawl 9| into theinoperative position shown in Figs. 17 and 18, in which it cannot engageand operate the ratchet wheel 59 at the left hand end of the carriageupon oscillation of the universal bar. This discontinues the feeding ofthe ribbon step by step toward the left end of the carriage. I

When the control member 82 at the right hand end of the carriage wasunlatched and elevated by the operations just described, that controlmember moved upwardly with respect to the stud 81 at that end of thecarriage, and this rendered the pawl 9| at that end of the carriageagain effective to engage and drive the right hand spool 56 in adirection to again wind the ribbon on that spool. At the first operationof the universal bar following the unlatching of the ing 84 at the righthand end of the carriage by the depending end of the lever I03, the stud81 at that end of the carriage, as it approaches the limit of itsmovement with the universal bar, will engage the tail III (Fig. 23) ofthat lever I03 and cam the lever I03 in the opposite direction againstthe action of its spring. This lowers the lug I95 on lever I03 from theposition shown in Fig. 22 to a point beneath the shoulder I06, whichreleases the arm 99 and latch lever IIII, and these are then returned tonormal positions by the action of spring I02 at the right hand end ofthe carriage. The ribbon is then fed step by step from the left to theright on the carriage, and when this ribbon has been substantiallyunwound from the ribbon at the left hand end of the carriage, a button I09 on the duplicating ribbon at the left hand end thereof will cause areversal of the direction of feed in a manner similar to that justdescribed.

When the use of the duplicating ribbon is not desired, it is swungupwardly by its ball into an inactive position. When the duplicatingribbon is in printing position, however, the wires 13 which are kepttaut by the springs 14, will urge the Cellophane strip and the paperstrip I23 in a direction away from the duplicating ribbon II, so thatthe rubbing of the duplicating ribbon on the paper strip I24 in a mannerto cause smudging on that paper strip will be reduced or eliminated.Back printing on the paper strip I23 from the duplicating ribbon will beprevented by ,the Cellophane strip which is sufficiently thin totransmit the printing impression to the duplicating ribbon.

It will be understood that various changes in the details andarrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustratedin order to explain the nature of the invention, may be made by thoseskilled in the art, within the principle and scope of the invention, asexpressed in the appended claims.

mounted at its ends on said carriage, whereby when superposed sheets ofpaper are mounted on said platen, with one sheet between said platen andthe second ribbon, and the other sheet between said ribbons, theoperation of said printing mechanism will print duplicate ribbon copieson said sheets, a strip of thin flexible sheet material mounted on saidcarriage and extending between said ribbons, whereby when said othersheet of paper is disposed between the first mentioned ribbon and saidflexible sheet, back printing on said other sheet from said secondmentioned ribbon will be prevented, means carried by said carriage andextending along said platen between said flexible sheet and said platenand yieldingly urging said flexible sheet and said other paper in adirection away from said platen to reduce smudging on said paper sheetsby said ribbons, and spring means for keeping said smudge preventingmeans taut in a direction of the length of the-carriage.

2. In a printing mechanism of the typewriter and calculating machinetype, the combination of a main frame, printing mechanism carried bysaid-main frame and selectively operable, a carriage, a platen mountedon said carriage for rotation about its longitudinal axis for linespacing purposes, means mounting said carriage on said main frame forrelative movements in directions to carry said platen lengthwise pastprinting positions, a universal bar carried by said carriage andoperable by said printing mechanism at each operation of that mechanism,in all the different positions of the carriage during the movements ofsaid carriage, a ribbon mounted on said carriage to extend lengthwisealong said platen through printing position thereon, spools on saidcarriage on which the, ends of the ribbon are wound, and pawls carriedby said universal bar and operable directly upon said spools for feed-.ing said ribbon in each direction step by step through printingposition.

3. In a printingmechanism of the typewriter and calculating machinetype, the combination of a main frame, printing mechanism carried bysaid main frame and selectively operable, a carriage, a platen mountedon said carriage for rotation about its longitudinal axis for linespacing purposes, means mounting said carriage on said main frame forrelative movements in directions to carry said platen lengthwise pastprinting positions, a universal bar carried by said carriage for traveltherewith and operable by said printing mechanism at each operation ofthat mechanism, in all the different positions of the carriage duringthe movements of said carriage, a ribbon, means pivotally mounted onsaid carriage for supporting said ribbon normally to extend lens uhwisealong said platen through printing position thereon, but swingable tocarry said ribbon upwardly out of printing position,

spools on said carriage and rotatable on the axes about which the ribbonswings, pawls on said universal bar and acting directly on said spoolsto rotate said spools and feed said ribbon in each direction step bystep through printing position, and means also provided on the carriagefor incapacitating said pawls alternately and thus changing thedirection of feed of said ribbon automatically after the ribbon reachesa desired limit of travel in each direction.

4. In a printing mechanism of the typewriter and calculating machinetype, the combination of a main frame; printing mechanism carried bysaid main frame and selectively operable, a carriage, a platen mountedon said carriage for rotation about its longitudinal axis for linespacing purposes, means mounting said carriage on said main frame forrelative movements in directions to carry said platen lengthwise pastprinting positions, a universal bar carried by said carriage andoperable by said printing mechanism at each operation of that mechanism,in all the different positions of the carriage during the movements ofsaid carriage, axially aligned spools mounted on said carriage, a ribbonguide hinged on said carriage to swing about the axes of said spools andsupporting said ribbon normally to extend lengthwise along said platenthrough printing position thereon, pawls on said universal bar andoperable at each actuation of said bar directly upon said spools, andmeans operable alternately to guide each of said pawls out of drivingrelation to its spool, and thus cause said bar to feed said ribbon ineach direction step by step through printing position.

5. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machine type,a frame, printing mechanism on said frame and selectively operable, acarriage mounted for movement relatively to said frame, a platen mountedon and relatively movable with said carriage past a printing position inwhich the printing mechanism operates against said platen, a ribbonextending along said platen in a position between the platen and theprinting mechanism, means including ribbon guides and ribbon spoolscarried by said carriage adjacent the ends thereof for feeding saidribbon in a direction along said platen, a universal bar carried by saidcarriage and operable by said printing mechanism in different positionsof said carriage in its movements on said frame, members mounted on saiduniversal bar, at spaced points along the bar, for movements indirections crosswise of the axis of movement of said universal bar, aratchet wheel connected to each spool for driving the same, a pawlcarried by each member and yieldingly urged into engagement with theadjacent spooldriving ratchet wheel, a cam on said universal,

bar adjacent each member for camming the adjacent pawl out of engagementwith its related ratchet wheel upon relative movement of the adjacentmember on said universal bar in one direction, and releasing it uponmovement in the opposite direction, means connecting the members atspaced points along said bar for shifting said members in oppositedirections to force disengagement of the pawl on either member from itsrelated ratchet wheel, whenever the other member is moved on said bar topermit engagement of its pawl with the adjacent ratchet wheel, and meanscontrolled by the ribbon in its travel between said spools for shiftingsaid member connecting means to render said pawls effective alternatelyon said ratchet wheels and thereby reverse the direction of travel ofsaid ribbon automatically after the ribbon reaches a desired limit oftravel in each direction. I

6. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machine type,a frame, printing mechanism on said frame and selectively operable, acarriage mounted for movement relatively to said frame, a platen mountedon and relatively movable with said carriage past a printing position inwhich the printing mechanism operates against said platen, a ribbonextending along said platen in a position between the' platen and theprinting mechanism, means ineluding ribbon guides and ribbon spoolscarried by said carriage adjacent the ends thereof for feeding saidribbon in a direction along said platen a universal bar carried by saidcarriage and operable by said printing mechanism in different positionsof said carriage in its movements on said frame, members mounted on saiduniversal bar, at spaced points along the bar, for movements indirections crosswise of the axis of movement of said universal bar, aratchet wheel connected to each spool for driving the same, a pawlcarried by each member and yieldingly urged into engagement with theadjacent spooldriving ratchet wheel, a cam on said universal baradjacent each member for camming the adjacent pawl out of engagementwith its related ratchet wheel upon relative movement of the adjacentmember on said universal bar in one direction, and releasing it uponmovement in the opposite direction, means connecting the members atspaced points along said bar for shifting said members in oppositedirections to force disengagement of the pawl on either member from itsrelated ratchet wheel, whenever the other member is moved on said bar topermit engagement of its pawl with the adjacent ratchet wheel, and meanscontrolled by the ribbon in its travel between said spools for normallylocking said members against relative movement on said bar, butunlocking and shifting said members and their connecting means and thenlocking them in their shifted positions, automatically whenever theribbon reaches a desired limit of travel in each direction.

'7. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, the combination of a platen, printing mechanism operable on saidplaten, a support for said platen, a universal bar operable by saidprinting mechanism, a ribbon, means for guiding said ribbon along saidplaten through printing position, spools to which the ends of the ribbonare connected, a ratchet wheel connected to each spool to operate thesame, the operation of said spools by said ratchet wheels causingmovement of the ribbon in opposite directions through printing position,depending upon which ratchet wheel is being operated, members mounted onsaid universal bar, at spaced points along said bar, for movements indirections crosswise of the axis of movement of said bar, a pawl carriedby each member and yieldingly urged into engagement with an adjacentspool-driving ratchet wheel, means connecting said members for causingtheir movements in opposite directions whenever one of them is moved,means on said bar adjacent each member for camming the pawl on theadjacent member into a position in which it cannot engage and operateits ratchet wheel, when that member is moved in one direction on saidbar, a latch carried by said bar adjacent each member for latching theadjacent member in one of its positions, and means controlled by saidribbon in its travel between said spools and operable automatically forunlatching one member from said bar and shifting it in a direction tolatch the opposite member to said bar and change the activity of saidpawls and thereby the direction of feed of said ribbon.

8. In a printing device of the typewriting and V tion of travel withsaid carriage, a pair of ribbon spools on said carriage, aribbonextending between said spools and along that face of said platen whichis operated upon by said printing mec anism, a control member mounted onsaid universal bar adjacent each spool and shiftable on said bar in adirection transversely of the direction of travel of said carriage,means connected to each member and operable, through operation of saidbar, on the adjacent spool to rotate it and wind said ribbon step bystep upon operation of said bar, means connecting said control membersfor'causing movements of said members in 0pposite directions on said barupon operation of one of them, means for incapacitating the spoolrotating means of each control member upon operation of that member inone direction, means for latching said members in their end positions ofmovement on said bar, and means controlled by said ribbon, after it hastravelled a predetermined distance in either direction, for operatingsaid latching means to release said control members and for operatingsaid members in opposite directions upon the next operation of saiduniversal bar, whereby the ribbon feeding means associated with eachspool will be rendered effective alternately so as to reverse thedirection of travel of said ribbon automatically.

9. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machine type,combination of a carriage, a platen mounted on said carriage, meansmounting said carriage for travel in a desired path, printing mechanismoperable on said platen in its travel with said carriage, a bail elementhinged on said carriage for movement in a direction crosswise of thedirection of travel of said carriage, a pair of ribbon spools mounted torotate, a ribbon connecting said spools and guided by said ball elementlengthwise along said platen past printing position on said platen whenthe bail element is swung downwardly to a position adjacent the platen,a pair of wires anchored at one end of said ball element and extendingalong opposite edges of, and approximately in the plane 01', said ribbonfrom end to end of said platen, spring means connecting the other endsof said wires to said ball element and keeping said wires taut, andmeans on said carriage and operable by said printing mechanism forfeeding said ribbon step by step in either direction upon operation ofsaid printing mechanism.

10. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, the combination of a carriage, means mounting said carriage forlinear travel, a platen rotatably mounted on said carriage and extendingendwise in the direction of travel 01' said carriage, a printingmechanism operable on said platen in the diiferent positions of travelof said platen with said carriage, a pair of ribbon spools mounted onsaid carriage, a ribbon connecting said spools, means on said carriagefor guiding said ribbon between said spools and along said platen pastprinting position,- a universal bar carried by said carriage andoperable by said printing mechanism in any position of the platen in itstravel with said carriage, a pair of control members mounted on saiduniversal bar for bodily movement therewith, one adjacent each spool andeach pivoted on said bar formovement thereon in directions crosswise ofthe direction of travel of said carriage, whereby said control memberswill be moved withsaid universal bar and also are capable 01'independent movement thereon, means connecting said control members forcausing, their independent movement on said bar in opposite directions,latch means carried by said bar and latching said control members intheir extreme positions of movement on said bar, means operated by eachcontrol member in its movement with said universal bar solely whenlatched in one position thereon for rotating the adjacent spool, andfeeding the ribbon step by step in one direction, and means controlledby said ribbon and operating said latch means and said connecting meansto move said control members into their other extreme positions andreverse the direction of feeding of said ribbon automatically after aipredetermined movement thereof in each direc- 11. In a printing deviceof the typewriting and calculating machine type, the combination of aplaten, printing mechanism operable against said platen, a ribbon, meansguiding said ribbon through printing position between said printingmechanism and said platen, a pair of spools to which the ends of theribbon are connected, a universal bar operable by said printingmechanism, a pair of control members mounted on said bar for bodilymovement therewith and each independently movable on said bar, meansoperated by each member for rotating the adjacent spool upon operationof said bar, means connecting said members for moving them in oppositedirections on said bar and movable with said members and said bar, eachof said members being operable upon its adjacent spool when in oneposition on said bar, and inactive on that spool when in the otherposition, means for holding said members in said other positions, andmeans controlled by said ribbon and operable to release said holdingmeans and upon operation of said bar shift said members in oppositedirections and thereby reverse the direction of travel of said ribbonafter it has travelled a predetermined distance in each direction.

12. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, the combination of a platen, printing mechanism operable againstsaid platen, a ribbon, means guiding said ribbon through printingposition between said printing mechanism and said platen, a pair ofspools'to which the ends of the ribbon are connected, a universal baroperable by 'said printing mechanism, a pair of control members mountedon said said bar, each of said members being operable upon its adjacentspool when in one position on said bar, and inactive on that spool whenin the other position, a latch device carried by said bar adjacent eachcontrol member and operable to latch that member in its position inwhich it is inactive on said spool, means operable by said ribbon afterthe ribbon has travelled a predetermined distance in each direc ion forreleasing the latched control member and then reversing the positions ofsaid control members on said bar automatically upon operation of saidbar, whereby the direction of travel of said ribbon will beautomatically reversed by the reversal of said members.

13. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, a platen, printing mechanism operable against said platen, aribbon disposed between said printing mechanism and said platen, a pairof spools to which the ends of the ribbon are connected and by therotation of which the ribbon can be fed in either direction, a universalbar operable by said printing mechanism, a pair of control membersmounted on said bar for movement therewith and independently shiftablethereon, a pawl carried by each member and operable on the adjacentspool, by which the operation of each member with said bar will rotatesaid spool in a step by step manner, means carried by said bar andengageable by each pawl, when the related control member is moved onsaid bar in one direction into one position, for camming said pawl outof driving relation to its related spool, a latch carried by said baradjacent each member for latching that member in the position in whichits pawl is inactive to drive its related spool, means connecting saidmembers for operating them in opposite directions on said bar whenevereither one of them is operated on said bar, and means operable by theribbon after it has travelled a predetermined distance in eitherdirection for releasing the latched control member and upon operation ofsaid universal bar reversing the positions of said control members tochange the direction of feed of said ribbon.

14. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, a platen, printing mechanism operable against said platen, aribbon disposed between said printing mechanism and said platen, a pairof spools to which the ends of the ribbon are connected and by therotation of which the ribbon can be fed in either direction, a universalbar operable by said printing mechanism, a pair of control membersmounted on said bar for movement therewith and independently shiftablethereon, a pawl carried by each member and operable on the adjacentspool, by which the operation of each member with said bar will rotatesaid spool in a step by step manner, means carried by said bar andengageable by each pawl, when the related control member is moved onsaid bar in one direction into one position, for camming said pawl outof driving relation to its related spool, a latch carried by said baradjacent each member for latching that member in the position in whichits pawl is inactive to drive its related spool, means connecting'saidmembers for operating them in opposite directions on said bar whenevereither one of them is operated on said bar, means operable by the ribbonafter it has travelled a predetermined distance in either direction forreleasing the latched control member and upon operation of saiduniversal bar reversing the positions of said control members to changethe direc-- tion of feed of said ribbon, and means operated by said barfor restoring the unlatching means to poised position. I

15. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, a platen, printing mechanism operable against said platen, aribbon disposed between said printing mechanism and said platen, a pairof spools to which the ends of the ribbon are connected and by therotation of which the ribbon can be fed in either direction, a universalbar operable by said printing mechanism, a pair of control membersmounted on said bar for movement therewith and independently shiftablethereon, a pawl carried by each member and operable on the adjacentspool, by which the operation of each member with said'bar will rotatesaid spool in a step by step manner, means carried by said bar andengageable by each pawl, when the related control member is moved onsaid var in one direction into one position, for ramming said pawl outof driving relation to its related spool, a latch carried by said baradjacent each member for latching that member in the position in whichits pawl is inactive to drive its related spool, means connecting saidmembers for operating them in opposite directions on said bar whenevereither one of them is operated on said bar, a spring pressed releaseelement adjaoent each latch and resiliently urging it in a direction toengage the adjacent latch and unlatch the adjacent control member, anauxiliary latch for holding said release element in poised position inwhich it is free of said latch, means operated by said ribbon after apredetermined travel in one direction for operating said auxiliary latchto release said element, and means operable by said bar, upon operationthereof, for first reversing said control members and then restoring anyunlatched releasing element to poised position.

16. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, a platen, a printing mechanism operable on said platen, a ribbondisposed between said platen and printing mechanism, a universal baroperated by said printing mechanism, a pair of control members pivotedon said bar, a pair of ribbon spools to which the ends of said ribbonare connected, each spool having a ratchet wheel attached thereto, apawl pivoted to each control member, operable upon the ratchet wheel ofthe adjacent spool, and spring pressed towards that ratchet wheel, so asto rotate that spool upon movement of that control member with said bar,means connecting said control members for rocking them in oppositedirection on said bar, means carried by said bar and engageable witheach pawl when the control member to which that pawl is connected, isrocked in one direction on said bar, for camming that pawl into aposition in which itis clear of the ratchet wheel upon movement of saidbar, whereby only one of said pawls will be eifective at any one timeand said pawls can be made alternately active by moving said controlmembers in opposite direction on said bar, a latch for holding eachcontrol member in its rocked position in which its related pawl isinactive on the adjacent ratchet wheel, and means controlled by theribbon during its travel in each direction for releasing the latch whichis efiective on a control member and then rocking the released controlmember on said bar during further operation of said bar, whereby thefeeding of said ribbon will be automatically reversed in direction bythe ribbon itself.

1'7. In a printing device of the typewriting and calculating machinetype, a platen, a printing mechanism operable on said platen, a ribbondisposed between said platen and printing mechanism, a universal baroperated by said printing mechanism, a pair of control members pivotedon said bar, a pair of ribbon spools to which the ends of said ribbonare connected, each spool having a ratchet wheel attached thereto, apawl pivoted to each control member, operable upon the ratchet wheel ofthe adjacent spool, and spring pressed towards that ratchet wheel, so asto rotate that spool upon movement of that control member with said bar,means connecting said control members for rocking them in op positedirection on said bar, means carried by said bar and engageable witheach pawl when the control member to which that pawl is connected, isrocked in one direction on said bar, for camming that pawl into aposition in which it is clear or the ratchet wheel upon movement of saidbar, whereby only one of said pawls will be etfective at any one timeand said pawls can be made alternately active by moving said controlmembers in opposite directions on said bar, a latch for holding eachcontrol member in its rocked position in which its related pawl isinactive on the adjacent ratchet wheel, a release element mountedindependently of said bar adjacent each control member and operable onthe adjacent latch from a poised position for releas- 10 ing thatcontrol member and holding said member against movement with said bar,to cause a reverse movement of said members on said bar during actuationof said bar, and means carried by said bar for restoring each releaseelement to poised position following a reversal of said members, andmeans controlled by the ribbon for holding said release elements inpoised positions and rendered efiective after a predetermined travel ofthe ribbon in either direction for causing operation of that releaseelement which will reverse the direction of travel of the ribbon.

JEROME A. FRIED.

